Menstruation, or having a period, is a normal part of puberty and adolescence in girls. It’s typically initiated around ages 10-15, but can start as early as 8 or as late as 17. The average age is 12. Periods are caused by hormonal changes that prepare the body for possible pregnancy.
Here’s a more detailed look: When to expect it:
Most girls begin menstruating between 10 and 15 years old. It usually starts about 2 years after breast development begins.
Menstrual cycle:
The menstrual cycle is the time between periods, typically around 21-40 days.
Irregular periods:
It’s common for periods to be irregular in the first few years after they start, with cycles being longer or shorter than average.
Normal cycle length:
Bleeding usually lasts for 2-7 days. Cycles can vary in length, with some being 24 days and others 34 days.
When to seek advice:
If a girl hasn’t started her period by 16 or if periods are very long (more than 7 days), or if there’s heavy bleeding or bleeding between periods, it’s important to talk to a doctor.
Symptoms and Management: Cramps and other symptoms:
Many teens experience cramps, aching in the upper thighs, lower back pain, nausea, diarrhoea, irritability, headaches, and fatigue before and during their period.
Coping with discomfort:
Applying heat to the abdomen, taking a warm bath, and getting regular exercise can help relieve cramps. Over-the-counter pain relievers like ibuprofen or acetaminophen can also be effective.
Hormone therapy:
Hormone therapy can be used to regulate periods and alleviate painful cramps.
Important Considerations:
First period:
It’s important to have open and honest conversations with teens about their first period, preparing them for the experience and providing support.
Hygiene products:
Offer a variety of hygiene products, like pads, tampons, and menstrual cups, and help teens choose what works best for them.
Signs of potential problems:
If bleeding is very heavy, lasts longer than 7 days, or if there are large blood clots, it’s important to consult a doctor.
Heavy periods:
If periods are very heavy, it could be a sign of a bleeding disorder or other medical condition.
